Breast cancer is the most common tumor among women worldwide and one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality. However, in recent decades, major progress has been achieved thanks to early detection and advances in treatment, allowing an increasing number of patients to live longer and with a better quality of life.
Why Is World Breast Cancer Day Observed?
Every year on October 19, World Breast Cancer Day is observed to raise public awareness about the importance of early detection, scientific research, and comprehensive support for those affected.
Its dual objective is to reduce mortality through early diagnosis and to provide emotional and social support to patients and their families as they cope with the disease.
Key Facts and Figures About Breast Cancer
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed tumor in women globally and one of the main causes of cancer death.
- In Spain, more than 34,000 new cases are diagnosed each year (SEOM, 2024).
- Worldwide, the WHO estimates over 2.3 million new diagnoses annually.
- The five-year survival rate exceeds 85% in countries with access to screening programs and advanced therapies.
These figures clearly demonstrate that early detection saves lives and continues to be the most effective strategy against breast cancer.
Prevention and Early Detection
Breast Self-Examination
Breast self-examination is not a substitute for medical testing, but it is a simple practice that helps women become familiar with the normal appearance and feel of their breasts. Performing it once a month makes it easier to notice any changes—such as lumps, dimpling, discharge, or skin alterations—that should be assessed by a healthcare professional.
Mammograms and Medical Check-ups
Mammography is the standard screening test for breast cancer. Numerous studies have shown that undergoing regular mammograms significantly reduces mortality, as it allows detection at an early stage when treatment options are most effective.
The benefits of screening far outweigh potential risks such as overdiagnosis, overtreatment, or false positives and negatives.
In Spain, the population-based mammography screening program began in 1990 and currently offers full coverage by invitation across all autonomous communities.
This organized, population-based program follows these criteria:
- Target population: women aged 50 to 69.
- Screening test: mammography.
- Screening interval: every two years.
For women with a high personal or family risk of breast cancer—such as BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers, those with a direct family history, or prior chest radiotherapy—an individual risk assessment is performed. If confirmed, specific follow-up is established through personalized medical protocols.
As in other National Health System screening programs, scientific evidence is periodically reviewed to ensure maximum effectiveness and to update recommendations when necessary.
The key lies in individualizing follow-up according to personal medical history and risk factors.
Advances in Research and New Treatment Approaches
Scientific breakthroughs have transformed the management of breast cancer. Current treatments aim not only to prolong survival but also to improve quality of life.
- Targeted therapies that act on specific molecular alterations.
- Immunotherapy, which stimulates the immune system to attack tumor cells.
- Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs): an innovative approach combining a monoclonal antibody with a cytotoxic drug, allowing highly selective delivery to tumor cells while minimizing side effects. Some ADCs, such as trastuzumab deruxtecan, have dramatically improved outcomes for patients with advanced HER2-positive breast cancer.
- Breast-conserving surgery and other minimally invasive techniques, which help preserve breast tissue.
- Breast cryoablation, an emerging non-surgical technique that destroys tumors using extreme cold.
- International clinical trials, which open new possibilities for patients with treatment-resistant tumors.
Continuous research is the driving force redefining the future of breast cancer care.
Supporting Patients and Their Families
Breast cancer affects not only the body but also the emotional, social, and family spheres of life. For this reason, psychological and emotional support are essential components of comprehensive care.
- Specialized psychological support to help manage anxiety and uncertainty.
- Support groups and patient associations that provide safe spaces for empathy, understanding, and shared experience.
- Compassionate communication between families and healthcare professionals to build a network of trust and support.
Empathy and understanding are as valuable as medical treatment.
Commitment to the Fight Against Breast Cancer
At IVOQA, we reaffirm our commitment to research, therapeutic innovation, and emotional support for all patients and families affected by breast cancer.
