Colon cancer is one of the most prevalent tumors, making it a significant public health concern. Recognizing the symptoms early can make all the difference in diagnosis and effective treatment for this disease. In this article, we will address the key symptoms of colon cancer and the importance of being aware of them to improve health outcomes and reduce the risk of serious complications.
What is colon cancer?
Colon cancer is a type of tumor that begins in the colon, also called the large intestine. It develops from polyps in the colon wall, which can become malignant over time. This process is slow, making it possible to detect cancer at an early stage if regular colonoscopies are performed in a screening program.
Importance of recognizing the symptoms
Identifying the symptoms of colon cancer in its early stages is critical to significantly increase the chances of effective treatment. Symptoms may be subtle or confused with other less serious conditions, but ignoring them can result in the disease progressing to more advanced stages, where treatment is more complex and less effective.
Symptoms of colon cancer
Persistent change in bowel habits
A change in bowel habits, such as diarrhea, constipation, or the feeling that the bowel does not empty completely, that persists for more than 6 weeks, can be an early sign of colon cancer at any age. It is essential to pay attention to any alteration that is prolonged over time.
Blood in the stool or rectal bleeding
The appearance of blood in the stool, whether bright red or darker in color, may indicate a problem in the gastrointestinal tract, including colon cancer. This symptom should never be ignored, and immediate medical attention should be sought for proper diagnosis.
Persistent abdominal discomfort
Persistent abdominal pain, cramping or bloating, and gas. If this discomfort does not go away, it is important to consult a physician to rule out more serious causes.
Weakness or fatigue
Extreme fatigue and weakness, which do not improve with rest, may be related to anemia, a common symptom in people with colon cancer. Anemia occurs due to chronic blood loss in the digestive tract, which may go unnoticed.
Unexplained weight loss
Weight loss without changes in diet or physical activity may be a sign of colon cancer. This symptom, especially when accompanied by others as described, requires immediate medical evaluation.
Sensation of the bowel not emptying completely
A persistent feeling of incomplete evacuation, even after going to the bathroom, may be a sign that there is something blocking the bowel, such as a tumor. This symptom is especially worrisome if it occurs continuously.
Risk factors associated with symptoms
There are risk factors that increase the likelihood that a patient’s symptoms are associated with colon cancer. Advanced age, a family history of colon cancer, a diet rich in processed meats, high in fat and low in fiber, smoking, sedentary lifestyle and excessive alcohol consumption are examples of factors that can predispose to this disease.
Understanding these factors helps identify when a symptom should be taken more seriously.
What to do if you experience these symptoms
If you experience any of these symptoms, it is crucial to see a doctor immediately. Your healthcare professional may suggest diagnostic tests, such as a colonoscopy, to confirm or rule out colon cancer. Early detection is essential for more effective treatment and a favorable prognosis.
Prevention and regular check-ups
Prevention of colon cancer is based on a healthy lifestyle, including a diet rich in fruits, vegetables and fiber, along with regular physical exercise. In addition, undergoing regular check-ups, especially from the age of 50 or earlier, starting at age 40 if you are at high risk, is vital for early detection.
Colonoscopy is an effective tool to identify and remove polyps before they become cancerous, helping to effectively prevent colon cancer. It is a medical procedure that allows the specialist to examine the inside of the colon and rectum. An instrument called a colonoscope is used, which is a long, flexible tube with a camera on the end.
The extensive experience of our team of surgical oncologists in minimally invasive surgery and colorectal cancer surgery makes IVOQA the reference center for the surgery and treatment of colon and rectal cancer. Our team of endoscopists and gastro-oncologists are specialists in colonoscopy and endoscopic removal of lesions.
