In a new installment of the series Beyond the Tumor: Answering Questions About Ovarian and Breast Cancer, organized by IVOQA and the AMOH Association, Dr. Carlos Santiago Piñel, gynecologist at Viamed Santa Elena University Hospital, explains what minimally invasive and prophylactic surgery involves in the context of ovarian cancer, and in which cases it is recommended. This surgical approach is part of the most advanced strategies for prevention and treatment in gynecologic oncology.
What Is Minimally Invasive Surgery?
Minimally invasive surgery uses techniques such as laparoscopy or robotic surgery to access the abdominal cavity through small incisions. In oncology, this technique allows:
- Performing diagnostic and therapeutic procedures with less surgical trauma.
- Reducing postoperative pain.
- Shortening hospital stay and recovery time.
- Lowering the risk of complications.
Dr. Piñel emphasizes that this modality is especially useful in early stages of ovarian cancer or in surgical evaluation procedures. It also represents an effective alternative in contexts where quality of life and rapid recovery are prioritized.
Prophylactic Surgery: Preventing Before Cancer Appears
Prophylactic surgery consists of the preventive removal of organs at high risk of developing cancer, such as the ovaries and fallopian tubes, in women with genetic mutations like BRCA1 or BRCA2. This strategy:
- Significantly reduces the risk of ovarian and breast cancer.
- Must be evaluated individually, considering age, family history, and desire for fertility.
- Is usually performed using minimally invasive techniques.
This intervention is part of clinical recommendations for women with high hereditary risk and is supported by scientific evidence in preventive medicine and gynecologic oncology.
Clear Information for Informed Decisions
Dr. Piñel stresses the importance of patients receiving clear and up-to-date information to make informed decisions about their health. Medical education and genetic counseling are essential pillars for understanding the benefits and limitations of these preventive procedures. Surgery, whether therapeutic or preventive, must be assessed within the context of a multidisciplinary team that considers medical, emotional, and quality-of-life aspects. Psychological support and personalized treatment are key in shared decision-making.
